Oxygen Barrier Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane/Silica Hybrids

The oxygen barrier properties of films obtained from waterborne polyurethane/silica hybrid dispersions were analyzed. Two different types of polyurethanes were used, based on poly(propylene glycol) and poly(1,4-butylene adipate). Three different strategies were followed in the preparation of the hybrid dispersions. In the first type of materials (series 1), the inorganic part came exclusively from the covalent incorporation of trifunctional silane groups into the polymeric chains. The other two series contained, in addition to the trifunctional silane groups, tetrafunctional silane groups either physically blended (series 2) or “in situ” generated (series 3). Materials of series 1 showed an increase of the oxygen permeability coefficient with the silane content. However, the other two types of materials presented just the opposite dependence. In this latter case, the systems containing “in situ” generated silica (series 3) presented higher permeability coefficient values, probably because of the steric hindrance imposed by the polyurethane that gave rise to silica networks containing silanol groups and free volume holes. Moreover, lower permeability coefficient values were obtained when larger size particles were added. This fact could mean that the polyurethane/silica interface effects were not totally hindered even when the organic/inorganic phases were covalently bonded.     

EPR,ENDOR and optical spectroscopy of Yb3+ ion in KZnF3 single crystals

The paramagnetic center of tetragonal symmetry formed by the Yb³⁺ ion in the KZnF₃ crystal has been studied using methods of EPR, ENDOR and optical spectroscopy. The location of the impurity ion and the structural model of the complex differing from the model of the Yb³⁺ center in KMgF₃ have been established. The empirical scheme of the energy levels of the Yb³⁺ ion has been found. The parameters of its interaction with the crystal electrostatic field and the hyperfine interaction with ligands of the nearest environment have been determined. The parameters of the crystal field were used for the analysis of the distortions of the crystal lattice in the vicinity of Yb³⁺. The parameters of the transferred hyperfine interaction have been calculated for the distances between Yb³⁺ and F⁻ ions of the nearest environment obtained taking into account the found distortions. They are in good agreement with the experimental values.     

Effect of bias voltage and electrodes size on the Pd conductance histograms

Conductance histograms of palladium nanocontacts in ultra high vacuum (UHV) were experimentally studied at room temperature using scanning tunneling microscope (STM). Our results show that the resolution of the pure Pd peaks, at 1.8 and around 3G₀, in the histograms, depends on the bias voltage and the electrodes size. The size of the electrodes should be as small as possible to achieve the higher extraction of hydrogen from them and therefore preventing the diffusion of H from the bulk to the nanocontacts during the conductance measurements, particularly at low bias voltage. This could explain why peaks have not been observed previously in the Pd histograms, using STM techniques in UHV.     

Orientational order parameter studies on 3.Om and 3O.Om liquid crystals

Orientational order parameter S is evaluated in the nematic phase of six liquid crystal compounds, N-(p-n-propyl benzylidene)-p-n-alkoxy anilines, 3.Om and N-(p-n-propyloxy benzylidene)-p-n-alkoxy anilines, 3O.Om compounds with m = 6, 7 and 8, using different methods. The techniques employed are S from birefringence δn, Haller's approximation from (1?T/T_c) ^β, effective geometry parameter α_g and Vuks’ scaling factor S_C. The values of S obtained using the above methods are compared with one another and with the results on a number of liquid crystals; the liquid crystals favor isotropic Vuks’ method.     

基于HLA和VEGA的海基靶场半实物视景仿真系统研究

为了在导弹试验任务中给指挥员提供决策支持,设计了一种基于HLA和VEGA的海基靶场半实物视景仿真系统。将三轴飞行转台、目标模拟器、负载模拟器等实物接入仿真系统,采用高层体系结构规范构建仿真系统的联邦架构,设计了联邦对象模型,建立了关键联邦成员的数学模型,解决了反射内存网与HLA的时间推进冲突问题,有效提高了仿真系统数据传输的实时性。采用Multigen-Creator软件建立了各个仿真实体的3D模型,利用Vega软件实现模型的渲染、场景驱动、声音仿真等。通过系统测试,结果表明：该视景仿真系统能够实时驱动各个仿真实体运行,视景画面流畅,图像刷新速率达到30帧/秒以上,满足系统实时性要求。     

基于ZigBee技术的信息交互系统设计与实现

基于生物电的人-机交互（HCI）技术作为特殊场景下常规人-机交互方法的一种补充,具有非常广阔的应用前景。为了解决基于生物电的HCI系统中多用户通信问题,文章设计并实现了一种基于ZigBee技术的信息交互系统。该系统主要由ZigBee无线通信模块、信息生成/处理模块、串口通信模块三部分组成,用以实现多用户间使用眼电信号（EOG）进行无线信息交互。在实验室环境下,眼电信号有效检出率98.2%,传输距离在无遮挡、无路由的情况下可达到70m。实验结果表明该系统具有识别率高、稳定性好、配置简单、使用方便等优点,具有较强的实际应用价值。     

基于kinect和unity的虚拟手抓取碰撞检测算法

针对目前碰撞检测算法效率低精度差的问题,提出了一种改进的层次方向包围盒（OBB）算法。首先通过位置关系判断虚拟手是否在物体包围球的邻近区域,然后用OBB和八叉树算法进行详细的碰撞检测,最后利用离散点到虚拟手简化面的矢量计算法实现精确的碰撞检测。实验结果表明,随着三维物体基元数目的增多,这种由粗略到精确递进的检测方式极大的提高了碰撞检测的效率和精度,具有可行性。该算法适用于任何复杂场景中刚体结构模型的碰撞检测,在运行时候不存在滞后情况,显示流畅,而且碰撞检测精度高,完全能够满足虚拟环境实时性和精确性的要求。     

红外成像系统NETD参数测试算法及应用研究

噪声等效温差(NETD)是表征红外成像系统灵敏度的关键参数,也是评估红外成像系统性能的重要参数之一,应用广泛。通过对红外成像系统3D噪声、信号传递函数(SiTF)、NETD等参数测试方法、算法和流程研究,给出一种基于视频文件的3D噪声离线对比测试方法和一种SiTF线性区自动判断计算斜率算法,在此基础上针对某型技术保障装备国产化光电检测平台开发了配套应用软件功能模块。实现了通过计算单位均方根噪声所对应的SiTF斜率值,分析得出系统NETD参数值的功能。以某型热像仪为被测对象,开展了测试结果重复性和一致性试验,并与美国Optikos公司I-SITE红外整机测试系统进行了对比测试。实验结果表明开发的NETD参数测试功能模块测试精度和重复性满足设计要求,具有较高实用价值,已进行了工程应用。     

基于改进DPSO算法的并行测试任务优化调度研究

并行测试以减少测试时间和降低测试成本的强大优势,已成为当前自动测试系统发展的方向。针对并行自动测试过程中,测试任务调度复杂,难以优化的问题,以PSO算法为基础,通过对问题空间编码的重新定义,并运用交叉、变异算子给出了新的粒子位置的更新公式,提出了一种改进后的DPSO算法。依据并行测试完成时间极限定理,给出了并行测试任务调度的目标函数与约束条件。以某雷达电子装备并行测试系统中三块电路板并行测试为例,对改进的DPSO算法进行了仿真验证,得到了最优调度测试序列。结果表明：与遗传算法相比,改进后的DPSO算法迭代次数更少,寻优性能更好,适用于工程应用。     

经验模态分解与样本熵在并网型光伏逆变器故障诊断中的应用

摘要：针对光伏并网逆变器电路中故障信号的非线性、非平稳特点,提出一种基于经验模态分解(EMD)和样本熵(SampEn)的故障诊断方法。首先,利用经验模态分解对逆变器的三相输出电压进行分解,得到有限个本征模式分量(IMF),从中选取包含故障主要信息的前几个本征模式分量提取故障信息。然后,计算本征模式分量的样本熵,从而得到用于故障诊断的特征向量;最后,将逆变器开路故障进行分类和编码,将故障特征向量输入BP神经网络进行模式识别,从而达到故障诊断的目的。在Matlab环境下对光伏并网逆变器的故障诊断进行了实验,实验结果证明了文中方法能实现对光伏并网逆变器的故障诊断,且与小波包变换相比,该方法具有诊断效率高和准确度高等特点。